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Part 4
Listen to the audio and answer the questions.

Questions

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Questions 31-40

Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

Early history of keeping clean

Prehistoric times

  • water was used to wash off 31

Ancient Babylon

  • soap-like material found in 32 cylinders

Ancient Greece

  • people cleaned themselves with sand and other substances

  • used a strigil – scraper made of 33

  • washed clothes in streams

Ancient Germany and Gaul

  • used soap to colour their 34

Ancient Rome

  • animal fat, ashes and clay mixed through action of rain, used for washing clothes

  • from about 312 BC, water carried to Roman 35 by aqueducts

Europe in Middle Ages

  • decline in bathing contributed to occurrence of 36

  • 37 began to be added to soap

Europe from 17th century

  • 1600s: cleanliness and bathing started becoming usual

  • 1791: Leblanc invented a way of making soda ash from 38

  • early 1800s: Chevreul turned soapmaking into a 39

  • from 1800s, there was no longer a 40 on soap.

Notes