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Part 4
Listen to the audio and answer the questions.

Questions

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Questions 31-40

Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

The history of weather forecasting

Ancient cultures
  • many cultures believed that floods and other disasters were involved in the creation of the world
  • many cultures invented 31 and other ceremonies to make the weather gods friendly
  • people needed to observe and interpret the sky to ensure their 32
  • around 650 BC, Babylonians started forecasting, using weather phenomena such as 33
  • by 300 BC, the Chinese had a calendar made up of a number of 34 connected with the weather

Ancient Greeks
  • a more scientific approach
  • Aristotle tried to explain the formation of various weather phenomena
  • Aristotle also described haloes and 35

Middle Ages
  • Aristotle’s work considered accurate
  • many proverbs, e.g. about the significance of the colour of the 36 , passed on accurate information.

15th-19th centuries
  • 15th century: scientists recognised value of 37 for the first time
  • Galileo invented the 38
  • Pascal showed relationship between atmospheric pressure and altitude
  • from the 17th century, scientists could measure atmospheric pressure and temperature
  • 18th century: Franklin identified the movement of 39
  • 19th century: data from different locations could be sent to the same place by 40
Notes